Card verifier



May?, 1935. H. A. wElNLlcH Er AL I C ARD VERIMER IFiled June 5, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 7, 1935. H. A. wElNLlcH m' AL CARD VERIFIER Filed June 5, ,1950

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 7, 1935. H. A. wElNLlcH Er AL 2,000,203

CARD VERIFIER Filed June 5, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 vwantow Patented May 7, 1 935 UNITED .STATES New York This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in verifying machines. l In tabulating machine work, data are tabulated by punching differentially spaced holes on punching operation may be the Schaaff machine shown in Patent No. 1,134,018. In this machine the punching operation is performed by depressing certain keys. Operators using the machine sometimes depress the wrong key and incorrect data are then tabulated upon the card. It has therefore been found that usually the punched cards must be checked to determine if any errors have been made. Often this checking is done by a visual inspection of the cards but this method of checking has been found unsatisfactory as the checker is liable to make the same error that was originally made by the operator who punched and time comming operation.

in which th punched cards may be placed and the errors detected. The operation of checking is exceedingly rapid and the possibility of checkers errors being identical with punching operators errors is largely eliminated.

The verifying machine is provided with key similar to those in the card punching machine and the checker operates the keys just as if .a a new card were being punched. If a card is correctly punched the record card carriage feeds forward upon the depression of each key; but if a. punch hole is incorrectly spaced in the card, the carriage does not feed forward; thereby apprising the checker of the error in the card.

Heretofore in verifying machines, mechanical devices have been employed to sense the card to detect the presence or absence of a perforation. One of the objects of the present invention is to provide electrical card sensing devices for de,-

termining the correctness of the perforations in the card.

In its preferred form the invention consists of a set of independent sensing balls adapted to make contact with a commonv contact roller through the perforations in the card.

Another object lof the invention is to provide mechanism for detecting erroneous punching in a card field passing the verifying devices under control of a skip or release key.

A further object is to permit verification oi' a card in motion to detect the presence of a perforation in a field which is being skipped due to depression of a tabulating key.

Also where a card having combinational punch- Corporation, New York r, record cards. 'Ihe machine for carrying out the the card. Also the visual checking is a tedious The present invention is directed to a machine PATENT OFFICE CARD VEBIFIEB.

Hermann Adalbert Weinlich and Ulrich Khn, Berlin, Germany, assignor, by meme assignments, to International Business Machines N. Y., a corporation of Application June 5. 1930. serial No. 459,401 In Germany December 24, 1929 8 Claims. (Cl. 73-51) ing i. e. a card perforated with two or more holes in a single column is being veried it will be necessary to depress the several keys corresponding to the several index positions of the combination being checked.

Various other objects and advantages of theinvention will be obvious from the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying the invention or from an inspection of the accompanying drawings; and the inven- 10 tion also constitutes certain new and novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a section through the card feeding 15 and analyzing devices of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a detail view of the arrangement of the keys.

Fig'. 3 is a wiring diagram of the electric circuit of the machine.

Fig. 4 isa detail of the card carriage release key.

Fig. 5 is a detail of the tabulating key.

Fig. 6 is a plan detail of the escapement rack and release mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a detail of the tabulating plate and escapement rack.

Fig. 8 is a section on line 8 8 of Fig. 7.

Card feeding mechanism The record card to be verified is inserted be- 3 tween a card pusher Il and a forward guide Il with the ilrst column of the card coinciding with a column of spring pressed. contact balls il adapted to make contact through holes in the 35 card with a common roller i4 insulated from the frame of the machine. The pusher Il and gide I2 are attached to the rack bar i5 which is suitably guided for horizontal movement. The circuits established between the balls I3 and the 4o roller M through perforations in the card will, in the manner to be described, cause energlzation of a magnet I6 to control the movement of the card rack i5. The movement of the rack is controlled by an escape mechanism comprising 45 pawls I1 and I8. The pawl l1 is pivotally mounted upon the member I9 which is connected by a link 20 and arm 2| to the armature 22 of the magnet I6. 'I'he pawl I1 is spring pressed against a pin Il in the member I9 and is adapted nor- 50 mally to be in engagement with the teeth of rack bar I! while the spring pressed pawl Il is normally held in the position of Fig. 1 through the cooperation of a pin Il with the upper edge of the member Il.

A spring barrel 25 is provided which has a tape 26 connected to the rack bar i5, as shown. and which tends to urge said bar to the left. Energization of magnet it will rock member il counterclockwise about its pivot to lower pawl Il into engagement with the teeth of rack i8 so as to hold the rack in position while the pawl i1 is raised out of engagement therewith.

Deenergization of the magnet i0 will permit clockwise rotation of the member Il in such manner that the pawl i1 will be lowered into engagement with the next succeeding tooth on the rack bar, thus permitting step by step advance of the card.

Above the card carriage is the customary key board having the usual twelve verifying keys 21, a skip key 2l, a tabulating key 2l and a release key I0. The keys 21 are all alike and have their stems Il cooperating with pivoted bell crank members 32 which in turn have pin and slot connection with slides 3l. Depression of a key 21 will cause movementto the left of its corresponding slide 32 to close a corresponding pair of contacts 8l and open contacts Il. the function of which will be explained in connection with the electric circuit. A pivoted bail 2l extending beneath the slides 38 cooperates with notches thereinandatone endcooperateswiththespring blade of a pair of contacts 81, Il so that the oper-y ation of any key 21 will in addition to closing its associated contacts Il, 8l, also close contacts Il and open contacts l1. A further set of contacts andllareadaptedtobeshiftedupon energization of magnet II through a pin located in the extremity of arm 2i.

The card rack II carries a spring contact blade li which is adapted to make connection between a common strip l2 and a series of insulated inserts rigidly secured to'a fixed portion of the machine. The inserts I3 may be so arranged as tobeengagedbythespringli atthetime when a portion of the card containing combination or multiple hole perforations is being sensed by the contact balls i8. At such time the circuits controlled by the common strip I2 and the inserts I3 will aect the operation of the device in a manner to be explained later.

Wiring diagram Referring now to the electric circuit of the machine (Fig. 3) there are provided a number of relays Il, II, I8, 41, Il, 4l and a series of relays 50, one for each key 21. A further relay Il is associated with the keys 2l and Il. The'contacts associated with the various relays will for convenience be designated with the same number as the relay followed by a prime, double prime, or triple prime, as the case may be.

Current is introduced through the terminals $2 and Il. Current is supplied to the common roller il from the terminal I2 through a wire i4 and a normally closed contact Il. Current normally flows from the roller I4 through contacts Il. wire il, relay coil Il, wires l1 and Il, backtoterminal Il. Ifthereis aperforationin the card column in line'fwith the balls I3 and roller Il. the circuit 'just' traced will follow through the contact 8l corresponding to the index point position inwhich the perforation occurs. Such energization of magnet u will cause the opening of its associated contact Il' and the closure of u" which causes the energization of relay coil Il through a circuit from terminal I2, wire Il, wire 0l, coil Il, wire 8|, contacts Il", wire l2. contact 2l, wire Il, back to terminal u.

This causes closure of the contacts 45' and 4I" the latter forming a holding circuit for relay 4l from the terminal 52 through relay coil Ii, contact 45". wire i2, contact ll, wire ll to terminal S3. This holding circuit becomes eifective as soon as the contacts M are opened; This opening of the contacts 44 is effected upon depression of the key 21 corresponding to the index point position in which the perforation occurs. Depression of such key opens the corresponding contact il thereby breaking the circuit to the relay coil M and consequently permits contacts u" to open. The closure of the contacts Il and the reclosure of contacts u initiate a circuit through the escape magnet il to permit the card carriage to be advanced one step. This circuit follows from the terminal 52 through wire l., wire contact M which is now closed,

contact'll', relay contact Il. wire ll, magnet Il, amature contact Si, wire Il back to terminal Il. Attraction of the armature 22 will cause opening of the contact ll to deenergise thei '4l thereby opening the contacts Il' an If the key which is depressed does not correspond to the index point position ofthe perforation in the card column under the sensing balls, the relay coil M will not become deen'ergined and its contact 44' will therefore remain open, so that .the circuit through magnet Il cannot be completed. Consequently the card carriage will not escape and the operator will know that an incorrect perforation has been made in the particular card column.

If there is no perforation at all in a particular card column, the relay coil 44 will not be energized upon presentation of this column to the analyzing balls and consequently upon depression of a key the relay coil ll will also remain in a state of deenergization due to the open condition of contacts Il". Failure of the card rack to escape will again apprise the operator that there is an inconsistency between the card column and the key set up. y

Where there is no perforation in a card column, depression of skip key 2|by closing its contactwill complete a circuit from terminal",

wires il and Il, contact 44' now closed, contact of key 2l, contact Il', wire Il, magnet Il, contact Il, wire 58, back to terminal I3.

If the key depressed corresponds with the position of a perforation in the card column but in addition there is a further perforation in the same column, the relay coil M upon depression of the key corresponding with the nrst mentioned perforation will not become deenergined since the circuit therethrough is maintained through the ball il and the extra perforation. Contacts M' will not close to initiate the circuit to the magnet I! as traced above.

As mentioned in connection with Pig. l, depression of any key 21 will cause shifting of contacts l1, Il from the position shown. Closure f of contact 3l causes energization of relay coil ll through the following circuit: from the terminal l2, through wire DI, contact u, wire O1, contact i, coil Il, contact 4l' now closed, wire Il, back toterminal II.

lnergization of the coil 40 closes the associated contacts 4I' and Il" of which the contact establishes a'holding circuit for its coil from terminal, wire Il, contact li, wire l1, wire Il, contact 4i', coil li, contact Il', wire Il to terminal l). vCoil is deenergined upon the opening of either contacts 4l' or contacts 66; Contact 66 is opened by depression of key 69 which is an error key and is depressed to open the contact whenever there is a non-comparison between the perforations in the card and the selected key 21. Contact 46' is opened upon energization of its coil 49 which occurs upon each energization of magnet I6, through the contact 4l controlled by the armture of the magnet, in a manner explained in connection with Pig. 1. This circuit may be traced from the terminal 52, throughthe wire 69, contact 49, relay coil 49, contact 41', wire 5I to terminal 59. The contact 41 of this circuit is opened whenever its controlling coil 41 is energized. Energization of 'coll 49 is maintained by a holding circuit established by contact 44 from the terminal l2, through the contacts 49", coil 49, contact 41' back to the other terminal. Concurrently the contact 4I is opened to deenergize the holding circuit of relay coil 46.

It may here be stated that with the machine at rest the coil 41 is energized, the circuit running from terminal 52, through wire 59, contact 6l, wire 61, contact 91 normally closed, coil 41, wire 56, back to terminal 53. This causes closure of the contacts 41" and opening of contact 41' so that when relay coil 46 is energized as heretofore traced, the closure of its contacts 46 will energize the relay coll 49 from terminal 52, contact 66, coil 49, contact 46"', contact 41 now closed, back to the other terminal. e

Briefly reviewing the operation thus far, with no key depressed, magnet 41 is energized to hold its contacts in the position of Fig. 3. Upon actuation of a key 21, the'magnet becomes deenergized, closing contact 41 and opening contact 41". It has also been shown that a key depression closes contact 46" by energizing magnet 46 Aand forming astick-circuittherefor. If there is a non-comparison between theL hole punched--and the key depressed, there will be a consequent failure to energize escape magnet I6 and contact 49 will not closeto energize magnet 49.-

Therefore, when the key 21 is released, the stick-circuit through magnet 46 will still be active to hold contact 46 closed. Closure of contact 91 again energizes magnet 41' to close contact 41" which, being in series with contact 46" establishes a circuit from terminal 52, wire l59, contact 64, wire 61, coil 49, contacts 46", 41, wire Il, back to terminal 59. This causes closure of contact 49 and opening of contact 49. A holding circuit now follows from line 61, contact u", wire 1l. con 41, wire se, to terminal sa.

Depression of a key 21 at this time will have no elect, since opening of contact I1 will not deenergize coil 41. With contact 49' held open no circuit can be completed through magnet I6. This inability of the machine to respond to a key depression is a signal to the operatorv .that there has been a non-veriiication in the column under consideration. Depression of error key 69 at this time will deenergize coils 46, 41 and 49 and contact 49 will again close and the card may be advanced by depression of the correct key 21 or it may be removed from the machine.

Tabular key When it is desired to skip a plurality of columns o! the card where such columns are in a blank or unperforated ileld. the key 29 is depressed (see P155). This key is mounted for vertical movement in the frame of the machine and is adapted to rock an arm 1I secured to a rod 12 which also carries a depending arm 19 which free end is adapted to engage an arm on bell crank 14 (see also Fig. 6) pivoted at 15. Pivoted to one arm of the bell crank is a rod 16 guided by a notched plate 11. 'Ihe free end of rod 16 lies under the escapement pawl I1 (see also Figs. 7 and 8) and is also bevelled as atv 16 where it cooperates with a notched plate 19 secured to the rack I5. The operation is such that upon depression of key 29 the rod 16 is moved to the left as viewed in Fig. 8 whereupon the bevel 18 will cooperate with the upper edge of plate 19 to raise the pawl I1 out of the teeth of rack I5. This frees the rack to escape under the influence of its spring drum until a notch 19a has moved into alinement with the rod 16. The rod will drop into this notch and permit the pawl I1 to reengage the rack I5. The plate 19 is notched in conformity with the particular arrangement of ilelds on the cards being verified, and the notches are so located as to interrupt the movement of the rack to the left after a field has been skipped. 'I'he machine is adapted to detect the presence of a perforation in a field being so skipped and for this purpose the key 29 is adapted to close, upon depression, a contact 29 which as we have seen energizes the magnet I causing its relay points 5I' to close. The closure of points 5I establishes a circuit from terminal 52, wire 59, contact 66, wires 61, 69, contacts 5I', magnet 46, contact 49', wire 59, back to terminal 53. The magnetl thus energized closes its contact 46 forming its own holding circuit and also closes the contact 46". Since the contacts 41" are closed at this time, the closure of contact 46 will complete the circuit through the magnet 49 as already traced, opening the contact 49' so that when the operator resumes column by column veriilcation-after a ileld has been skipped, the machine will not be responsive tf depression of a key 21, thus indicating that there has been some erroneous punching in a supposedly blank eld. l

Release key Where the blank field to be skipped occurs at the right end of the card, the release key 39 may be depressed to escape the carriage to its extreme position. In Fig. 4 depression of key 30 will rock a pivoted bell crank 90 to move a slider 9| to the right so that a cam surface 82 cooperating with al fixed portion of the machine will move the slider 8l upwardly against the rod 16 (see also Fig. 6) thus rocking the pawl I1 out of engagement with the rack I5. The pawl will be held in such raised position until the carriage has moved to its eirtreme left position wherein the pusher I I will engage a lateral projection of slider 9| to restore it to its normal position. Key 30 will close its associated contact 30 which is wired in parallel with the contact 29 and will cause locking of the escape mechanism in the same manner. That is, if there is a perforation in such blank field, the circuit will run from terminal 52, wire 54, roller I4 to the contact ball I3 in line with the hole contact 35, wire 56, contact 29', magnet-5I, wires 51 and 56,.back to terminal 53.

A Combination or multiple holes Associated with each of the keys 21, as has already been mentioned, is a relay coil 50 having associated contacts 59', 59" and 59" In Fig. 1 the insulated commutator inserts 43 are positioned so they cooperate with the contact finger 4I in' the field of the card in which multiple perforations have been punched. 'I'his field of the card may contain combinations of two or more perforations in a card column or the character represented may be indicated by a single perforation. The various keys 21 corresponding to the index point positions involved in a combination will be simultaneously depressed and if the keys selected correspond with the holes punched, the card carriage will be escaped to the next column. The object of the key depression, as we have heretofore seen, has been to deenergize the magnet 44 and the object of the relays 50 is to prevent such deenergization in combination hole l columns unless two correct keys are depressed. For example assume a combination perforation involving the uppermost and lowermost keys 21 as shown in Fig. 3.

Depression of the lowermost key alone would cause energization of its coil 54 and shifting of its contacts 5l', 5l so that a circuit would flow from terminal B2 to the segment 4I of the column being verified, to slider 4I, contact 50 to contact 5I" of the next adjacent key and thence serially through all the contacts 5l" to the position of the uppermost index point. If in this uppermost position the key 21 were depressed and a hole were presented, its magnet il would also be energized to open its contact il and the circuit just traced would be interrupted at this point and no circuit would be completed to the line 58 of magnet 44. Depression of only one of the keys involved in the combination would permit the circuit to continue through line 90, contact Si, wire 54, coil 44, wires 51, i8 back to terminal 5I. Where the combinational field contains a single hole perforation, the depression of the key 21 corresponding to the position of the hole will be accompanied by depression of key 92 to open its contact Il, thereby disconnecting the various contacts l', I, 5U" from the circuit and if the hole position is correct, the magnet 44 would become energized in the now familiar manner. During this operation of verifying combinational holes, it will be understood, of course, that any superfluous perforations will still keep the magnet 44 energized through the wire 54 and roller I4 as previously, so that wheresuch superfluous holes occur. the machine will be locked against operation.

Also where a character represented by a multiple' perforation has only one of such holes punched the depression of the single key corresponding thereto will not break the circuit to magnet 44.

A general statement of the operation of the device will now be given. If there is a hole in the card column in line with the balls Il in rollers I4, the circuits is completed through the contacts 35 corresponding to the hole position in which the hole occurs. Magnet 44 is thus energized and opens its contacts 44' and closes its contacts 44, the closure of which energizes the relay coil 46 through the normally closed contacts 3l. The coil 45 then closes the contacts 48', 4B", the latter forming a holding circuit for the relay coil 45. This holding circuit becomes eective as soon as the contacts 44" are opened and this occurs on the depression of the key 21 corresponding to the hole position in which the hole occurs in the card, because depression of the key opens the corresponding contacts Ii and breaks the circuit through the relay coil 44 which is to be deenergized. The contacts 44 and the contacts 45' being both now closed a circuit is established through the magnet I4 by way of the normally closed contacts 4l' and 46 to permit the card carriage to be advanced one step. The armature 22 of the magnet Ii is attracted and opens the contacts 3l to deenergize the relay 45 and allow the contacts 4l', 4l to open. This is the normal operation of the machine during each verifying stage when the hole configuration of the column being verified corresponds with the key depressed.

If the key which is depressed does not correspond to the position of the hole in the card column being verined or if it does correspond but there is an additional or incorrect hole in the card, the opening of the contacts Il does not deenergize the relay coil 44. Consequently, the contacts 44' are held open so that the magnet il cannot be energized and the card carriage is not released. If there is no hole in the column, the relay coil is not energized so that coil 4I remains deenergized and contacts 4l' remain open. Once again the magnet Il is not energized and the card carriage fails to escape.

When a card column should properly be blank, the skip key 2l is depressed and its contacts are closed. If there is no hole in the column, the relay coil 44 will not be energized. Consequently, a circuit will be completed to the escape magnet I.. If, however, there is a hole in the skipped column, relay coil 44 will be energized and the contacts 44' opened so that no circuit could be completed through the escapement magnet. Depression of the key 2l would therefore have little effect.

The circuits of the machine are arranged ao that if any key is depressed and released without the' magnet Il being energized. the relay contacts 4i' are opened to interrupt the circuit from the escape magnet I4 and are held open until the error key 48 is depressed. In this connection it is to be noted that the contacts 31, Il are operated when any of the keys 21 are depressed or when the skip key 28 is depressed. Where blank fields occur in the card being verified and it is not desired to advance the card in a step-bystep manner to the next f'leld containing entries, the blank field may be skipped under control of the tabulator key 29 or where the blank field occurs at the right end of the card, by the release key Il. Either of these keys will in the conventional manner release the escapement mechanlsm to permit the rapid advance of the card. the keys being manually held depressed during such movement of the card. If during this rapid advance of the card a perforation should be present in a field which should properly be blank, a circuit will immediately be established through the corresponding contact to energize the relay 44. This in the now familiar manner will cause energization of the coil 4I and the establishment of a holding circuit for this coil which will continue to hold indefinitely. The energization of coil Il coincident with the depression of the tabulator key 2l or release key I0 will establish the circuits heretofore traced to cause the opening of `contacts 40 and the maintenance thereof in openicondition so that following the rapid advance of the card to its next verifying position depression of any key 21 will not be adequate to complete the circuit to the magnet Il. If the blank field occurs at the right end of the card, and there should be a perforation therein which is detected as the neld is skipped, the contact 4|' will be opened and maintained in such condition until after ythe next card has been inserted in the machine and the operator attempts to resume v'arifying operations. Due to the open condition of contact 4I it will be found that depression of a verifying key 21 is not adequate to complete the escapement magnet circuit. This will indicate to the operator that a perforation exists somewhere in the supposedly blank field which has been skipped. Depression of error key Il will return the relay coils to normal position so that verification may be renewed under control of the keys 2l.

When fields containing multiple hole v.combination punchings are being verified, the relay devlc Il come into play to insure the depression of more than one key when any column is being While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a single modincation, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intentionl therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claims:

l. In a verifying machine, analyzing devices adapted to sense perforations in the columns of a record card, means for advancing a record card past said analyzing devices, keys, means jointly controlled by said analyzing devices and said keys for causing said advancing means to advance the record card column by column, a skip key adapted to cause said advancing means to uninterruptedly advance a plurality of card columns past said .analysing devices and-means controlled by said analyzing devices upon sensing a perforation in any of said plurality of columns'for lsuppressing further operation of said advancing means.

2. In a verifying machine, analyzing devices adapted to sense perforations in the columns of a record card, means for advancing a record card past said analyzing devices, skip key mechanism 'adapted to Acause said advancing means to ad- Vance a predeterminedl number of card columns less than the total number of card columns past said analyzing devices with an uninterruptedv movement, and means controlled by said analyzing devices in respose to a perforation in any of said predetermined columns for preventing further operation of saidv advancing means.

3. In s. machine adapted to verify index points f a card'column, a relay associated with a plurality of index points, means cooperating with a hole in the card to energize said relay. a plurality of keys one for each index point, means operative upon actuation'of thekey to the y 5 index point in'which a hole occurs, to deenergize said relay and-means controlled by the actuation'of any other ofsaid keys for preventing deenergization of said relay upon subsequent depression of the correct key.

4. In an electric verifying machine, a card carrier, an escapement mechanism therefor, a magnet to operate the same, card sensing means and keys, one for each index point position of a card column, a circuit including a relay completed under control of said sensing means upon sensing a perforation in a card column, a second circuit, including a relay.l completed by any of said keys upon operation thereof, and a third circuit including contacts controlled by the relays in said nrst two circuits for controlling the operation of said magnet.

5. The invention set forth in claim 4 in which .contacts are provided inv said ilrst two circuits.

and operated upon energization of Vsaid magnet to break said ilrst two circuits.

`6. In an electric verifying machine, means for analyzing a card, columnby column, a relay,l

means for energizing said relay upon presentation of a hole in any index position of a card col- .umn to said analyzing means. a series of keys,

means operative upon actuation of a key corresponding to the index position in which there is a perforation for deenergizing said relay and means controlled by the actuation of any other of said keys for preventing deenergimtion of said relay upon subsequent depression of the correct key.

7. In an electric verifying machine, means for sensing multiple perforations in a column of a record card, a series of keys, one for each index point position, means jointly controlled by said sensing means and said keys for verifying the perforations in the record card and means requiring actuation of more than one `key to operate said verifying means.

8. In an electric verifying machine, means for sensing perforations in a plurality of index point positions of a column of a record card, circuits completed through said perforation by each sensing means, means including keys one for each perforation position adapted to open said circuits when depressed in accordance with the-location of said perforations and means for preventing opening of all of said circuits until more than one of said keys are depressed.

' HERMANN ADALBERT WEINLICH. 

